Synonym extraction from bilingual dictionaries represents a critical intersection of computational linguistics, lexicography, and semantic analysis. This study investigates methodological and theoretical approaches for identifying, structuring, and evaluating synonym relationships in bilingual dictionary systems, with a particular focus on Uzbek–English lexical mappings. The research synthesizes existing literary and linguistic perspectives on semantic representation and applies a structured analytical framework inspired by dialogic theory and lexicographic traditions. Drawing on both theoretical and literary sources, including narrative semantic constructions in Uzbek prose (Qodirov, 1982), the study examines how synonymic equivalence is established, distorted, or partially preserved during bilingual lexical transfer. A hybrid methodology combining qualitative lexical analysis and conceptual modeling is proposed for extracting synonym structures. The findings highlight that synonym extraction in bilingual dictionaries is not purely computational but deeply dependent on cultural semantics, contextual embedding, and interpretive variability. The study contributes a refined framework for improving bilingual dictionary construction and enhances understanding of cross-linguistic semantic alignment.