BOTTOM-UP AND TOP-DOWN APPROACHES IN ENGLISH LESSONS

Abstract

Top-down and bottom-up approach are essential in teaching English, especially reading and listening. In teaching English at academic lyceums and schools it is required using both of them in order to increase the level effectiveness of learning new theme. Top-down processing leads the learners to have the general idea first and eventually into the details. Bottom-up approach pays attention to small units in the text or listening first and from details to the main idea of the text. The purpose of this article is to give detailed description of top-down and bottom-up approaches and an example of the lesson where these approaches used in the way of activities with some exercises.

Keywords

Top-down approach, bottom-up approach, teaching English, reading, listening, psycholinguistic model, academic lyceum,, pre-intermediate, reading passage, web tool, assessment.