The British place a high value on manners and pass down politeness customs from generation to generation. The ability to express sympathy and sorrow is an essential component of English communication as politeness is such a fundamental and integrated part of English culture and psychology. Sympathy and condolence are used in human communication to address negative circumstances. A distinct kind of sympathy, condolences have their own characteristics. When condolences are offered, they are not the same as when sympathies are expressed. This article discusses the differences between expressing condolences and sympathy in English communicative language and their practical basis.

This study delves into the lived experiences of English teachers in Malaysian rural schools, aiming to unveil the intricate dynamics of resilience in the face of challenges. Through qualitative research methods, including in-depth interviews and reflective narratives, the research explores the coping strategies employed by these educators to persist in their roles despite the stressors unique to their context. The findings contribute not only to the understanding of the nuanced challenges faced by teachers in rural settings but also offer insights into the resilience mechanisms that sustain their passion for teaching English. This exploration is crucial for informing educational policies and support systems geared towards enhancing the well-being and effectiveness of teachers in underserved areas.

In linguistics, grammatical number is a morphological category characterized by the expression of quantity through inflection or agreement. Modern English like most other languages distinguishes two numbers: singular and plural. The meaning of singular and plural seems to be self-explanatory, that is the opposition: one and more than one. With all this, expression of number in different classes of English nouns presents certain difficulties for a foreigner to master.

The article analyzes the skill of using mystical symbols and the image of Jamshid Jami in Amiri's ghazals.

Communicative-pragmatic approach to studying punctuation indicates the importance of its functional description. In the successful completion of communicative activity, it is important not that the writer correctly uses punctuation marks, but that he was able to achieve a goal aimed at expressing a certain meaning. The unanimity of the writer and the reader in the mutual understanding of the text is of primary importance. It should also be taken into account that situational communication provides a special informative content and expressiveness of speech. Also, the norms of the situation are determined by the nature of the information in the text, and the punctuation marks expressed in accordance with the norm perform logical-semantic, highlighting, expressive-emotional and signaling functions. It is a mistake to classify the signs subject to the norm of the situation as created by the author, because they functionally reflect the general stylistic features of different texts. Such signs are among the common signs that are codified only by the semantics and structure of the created text.

The poet, manokibnavis, Maulana Fakhr ad-Din Ali Safi Kashifi Kheravi, who lived and worked in Herat during the XV-XVI centuries, is truly one of the leading researchers in the scientific and literary environment of Herat, a representative of the classical literature of the East.

Ali Safi was a talented poet, famous tazkiranavis and manokibnavis, famous preacher of his time (Navoi, Khandamir, Komi).

Ali Safi Hirawi is a master of calligraphy, also served as first secretary to Maulana Jami. Unfortunately, this side of the creative personality has not yet been specifically studied in science. We would like to dwell on this unique ability of the creator - the handwritten book “Sharh-i Fusus al-hikam”, which is the result of his calligraphic activity, and his fruitful work. “Sharh-i Fusus al-Hikam” is a large-scale mystical work of Maulana Abdurahman Jami.

The article analyzes terminological homonymy in the field of geology. The types of homonyms used in this terminological system are determined and a comparative analysis of homonymous terms in the Uzbek and English languages is carried out.

This study embarks on an exploratory journey into the linguistic landscapes of Russian and Uzbek languages, aiming to unveil the intricate tapestry of their speech cultures through a comparative typological lens. Anchored in the realms of sociolinguistics and cultural linguistics, the research delves into the nuanced interplay between linguistic structures and cultural paradigms, seeking to illuminate the multifaceted connections and disparities that shape the speech culture of these distinct yet interconnected language systems. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the study meticulously juxtaposes various linguistic elements—ranging from phonetic, morphological, syntactic structures to pragmatic and discourse-level phenomena—within Russian and Uzbek contexts. The methodology amalgamates quantitative data analysis, primarily through computational linguistic tools applied to large corpora, with qualitative insights gleaned from semi-structured interviews and ethnographic observations. This dual approach facilitates a holistic understanding of how linguistic forms and functions are molded by, and in turn mold, the cultural ethos of the speakers.

The findings reveal a complex tapestry of similarities and divergences. On one hand, the research uncovers underlying typological parallels, particularly in the realms of pragmatics and discourse strategies, which resonate with shared historical and sociocultural underpinnings. On the other, it highlights stark divergences, especially in morphosyntactic structures and lexical semantics, which reflect the unique evolutionary trajectories and cultural imprints of each language.

This article which I wrote will extremely beneficial for people who are still ambivalent and facing some difficulties to diffirenciate collocations and idioms. Even with the help of it is perfectly possible to know the meaning of some English idioms with their alternatives in Uzbek language.

The article talks about the specific features of the categories of agreement that are used in the most active and active state in the epic language, and about the tools that serve to ensure harmony in the text.

The present article is devoted to investigation of English and Uzbek phraseological units with name of wild animal “wolf”. The component-zoonim gives key meaning to the phraseological unit. Zoonym possesses various definition in dictionaries and scientists viewpoints, which is described in the article research. Special attention is paid to differences and similarities of Uzbek and English phraseological units with component-zoonym “wolf”. Theoretical content of the article is approved by examples.

This article delves into the non-verbal manifestations of sympathy and condolences within the English language context. It sheds light on the pivotal role played by facial expressions, touch, body language, and posture in effectively communicating empathy. The research underscores the necessity of attunement to non-verbal cues when providing support, taking into consideration cultural diversities and individual preferences. By grasping the influential nature of non-verbal communication in times of sorrow, individuals can enrich their ability to offer authentic support and solace.

The thesis deals with grammar, semantic and pragmatic

problems of translation. A communicative effect is virtual: e.g., an advertising text may persuade a receptorto buy something but the receptor may remain indifferent to the promotion.

This research introduces and validates a Pluralistic Curriculum (PC) model designed for English teaching in Iranian high schools, aimed at fostering inclusivity and diverse perspectives. Titled "Cultivating Inclusivity," the study navigates through the development and validation phases of the PC model. By incorporating a diverse range of cultural, linguistic, and literary elements, the curriculum seeks to enhance students' language proficiency while promoting an understanding of global perspectives. The validation process involves rigorous assessments of effectiveness, relevance, and cultural sensitivity. The findings contribute to the advancement of English language education in Iran, offering a pluralistic framework that aligns with the diverse cultural landscape of the nation.