This study explores the distribution and impact of parasitic nematodes affecting rice crops in the southern regions of Uzbekistan. Rice farming in these areas is significantly threatened by various nematode species, which cause substantial damage to the rice plants, particularly affecting root development. The research involved field surveys and laboratory analyses to identify nematode species, evaluate their population density, and assess their effects on rice growth. The results revealed a wide distribution of root-knot and lesion nematodes, with varying levels of infestation across different regions. Environmental factors contributing to the spread of these nematodes were also identified.